Efficiency Improvement of Electric Vehicles By Using Winding-Less Rotor Based DC Motor

Abstract

In electric vehicles (EVs), efficient energy consumption is very important. Based on demand, different electric motor technologies are employed by the manufacturers and are still evolving. This paper analyses the electric motors utilized in electric vehicles such as DC motor, Brushless DC (BLDC) motor, AC induction motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), switched reluctance motor (SRM), and permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor (PM-SynRM). The advantages and disadvantages correspond to traction motors are pointed out. The main drawback is the power losses in the armature windings of the motors that reduce the overall efficiency and reduce the run per charge of EV due to additional power consumption from the battery pack. To reduce these losses, the authors have proposed a system that is more efficient as the windings from the rotor have been replaced by permanent magnets. Therefore, the power losses in armature windings have been eliminated, and reduced the power consumption by the motor from the battery pack, subsequently, the run per charge of EV has been increased. The overall efficiency of EVs has been increased to almost 100% by the proposed system. This claim is supported theoretically, graphically, as well as practically and presented in the results section of the paper. Finally, the conclusions have been made on the traction motors used in the proposed EVs model.